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    • 专利摘要:
    medication delivery system. an improved drug delivery system 100 is described in which the drug carrier is a fluid that can be sprayed or vaporized by exposure to heat. the system provides a repeatable dose of medication, can be stored in any orientation, and / or has the ability to maximize energy efficiency.
    公开号:BR112013022757A2
    申请号:R112013022757-5
    申请日:2012-04-23
    公开日:2021-01-05
    发明作者:Jack Goodman；William O'Neill；Alexander ChinHak Chong；William P. Bartkowski；Peter Joseph Kovach；Larry Gawain Linde；Randy Eugene Berg
    申请人:Chong Corporation；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
    TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to devices and methods for vaporizing a liquid for inhalation. More specifically, the invention relates to providing a device and method for controlling, dosing and measuring precise volumes of vaporized fluid and the vapor produced by a portable vaporization device each time the device is coupled by its user who is reliable and safer to use than current devices that depend on lithium-ion chemistry.
    BACKGROUND Various portable personal vaporization devices are currently available. Some of these were specifically designed to produce a nicotine-infused vapor for the purpose of serving as an alternative to smoking a traditional tobacco cigarette, in which the tobacco is ignited and the user inhales the smoke and its components, including nicotine, a constituent naturally occurring from tobacco. Devices used for the purpose of cigarette alternatives produce a vapor devoid of most of the 4000+ chemicals and by-products of tobacco smoke, and therefore provide the user with nicotine, through ingestion of the vapor, without most of the damage normally associated with tobacco smoke.
    Unfortunately, disadvantages still remain in the design and performance of these vaporization devices. For example, some devices are bulky or cumbersome for use as a portable transportable device.
    Other vaporization devices are unable to provide accurate, consistent and reliable metered doses of the drug. Current electronic spray cigarettes do not provide a method for controlling the consistency of the volume of vaporized liquid or the volume of vapor produced and, as a result, cannot produce a measurable amount of nicotine on a vaporization basis. There are certain circumstances and situations, including those where regulations may dictate, where it may well be necessary for these devices to be able to deliver vapor and its nicotine constituent in a way that allows the amount of nicotine present in the vapor to be measurable and consistently repeated. with each and every coupling by the user. In addition to or replacing nicotine, a vaporizer can be used to deliver other substances to the user, including medications. Likewise, a precise measured "dose" may be desired, or even necessary, for these substances.
    In addition, as some of the devices on the market use a liquid storage unit that is "open" to the atmosphere, some devices leak or fail to perform reliably unless the vaporization device is held upright during use, or during packaging, transport and storage of the device. In addition, with such a device, the liquid can be subject to contamination, adulteration and / or evaporation under certain conditions.
    Finally, most, if not all, of the current commercially available products use chemical lithium batteries as their power source. This is
    . mainly due to three factors: 1) battery life, 2) the energy required to vaporize the fluid, and, 3) the requirement for a small compact device approximately the size of a traditional tobacco product 5, that is, cigarettes and cigars, or in non-tobacco or nicotine formulations, the need for compaction in order to be discreetly employed by the user in cases where discretion is appropriate. Chemical lithium batteries, however, are volatile, dangerous (both in the sense that they can release harmful vapors, as well as the potential for explosion in certain circumstances) and environmentally challenging with regard to storage, reliability and disposability.
    The lithium chemical power source of 15 handheld devices is expected to become a problem for US regulators, distributors, retailers and consumers as the current product becomes more widely distributed and used and as more uses for the devices are identified, manufactured, distributed, sold and 20 consumed.
    Therefore, there is still a need for an apparatus and method for providing an improved portable steam delivery system that reliably and consistently produces a repeatable metered dose of a drug in a safe, efficient and effective manner.
    SUMMARY In one aspect, a method and device for improving portable vapor delivery devices to generate consistent, reliable and reproducible metered doses of a drug or remedy comprises a
    W power control system using an integrated circuit capable of determining and delivering the precise amount of power over the precise period of time that is just enough to completely vaporize a predetermined volume of a liquid.
    In another aspect, the method and device for an improved portable steam delivery device may comprise a fluid delivery system, a spray or spray system, and a power control system contained in a housing, in which the fluid delivery system consistently, repeatedly, and reliably delivers an exact metered dose to the spray system, and the power supply system provides just enough electrical power for the spray system to spray or completely vaporize the precise volume of liquid delivered spray system.
    In another aspect, the portable steam delivery device has an ability to operate independently of the orientation and / or an ability to deliver a repeated dose of medication, and / or an ability to be stored in any orientation, and / or to ability to maximize energy efficiency.
    In another aspect, the invention provides a device and method that allows vapor delivery devices to use more stable, more reliable, less harmful to the environment, and safer battery chemistry sources without significantly affecting the portability and discretion of the devices.
    30 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a drug delivery device of the present invention.
    Figure 2 is a top view of the device shown in Figure 1.
    Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2.
    Figure 4 is an enlarged detail section view of the upper section of the device shown in Figure 3.
    Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of the device shown in Figures 1-4.
    Figure 6 is an enlarged perspective view of elements of the device shown in Figures 3-5.
    Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention with the housing removed for purposes of illustration.
    Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of the modality shown in Figure 7.
    Figure 9 is an enlarged side view showing details of the elements shown in Figures 7 and 8.
    Figures 10-13 are side views of the device shown in Figures 7-9 illustrating the sequential steps of the operation.
    Figure 14 is an enlarged perspective view of the vaporization system shown in Figures 7-9.
    Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a "one drive" circuit that can be used in one embodiment of the power control system of the present invention.
    Figure 16 and Figure 17 are schematic diagrams of similar modified circuits that can be used in the modality of the power control system.
    Figure 18 is an enlarged side view of an embodiment of a spray element.
    Figure 19 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the vaporization device.
    Figure 20 is a sectional view of the vaporization device shown in Figure 19.
    Figure 21 is an exploded perspective view of the vaporization device shown in Figures 19 and 20.
    Figure 22 is an enlarged perspective view of elements shown in Figure 20.
    Figure 23 is an isometric view of another embodiment of the drug delivery device.
    Figure 24 is an exploded view of the device shown in Figure 23.
    Figure 25 is an enlarged isometric view of an embodiment of a fluid delivery system shown in Figure 24.
    Figure 26 is a sectional view through line 26-26 of the fluid delivery system shown in Figure 25.
    Figure 27 is an enlarged isometric view of a plunger embodiment of the fluid delivery system shown in Figure 28.
    Figure 28 is an enlarged isometric view of an embodiment of a drive nut for the fluid delivery system shown in Figure 24.
    Figure 29 is an enlarged isometric view of an outlet cover and vaporization system modality.
    7/47 medicine delivery device shown in Figure
    24.
    Figure 30 is an enlarged isornetric view of an embodiment of a fluid discharge actuator of the drug delivery device shown in Figure
    24.
    Figure 31A is an enlarged isometric view of a proximal end of the drug delivery device fluid delivery system shown in Figure
    24.
    Figure 31B is the drug delivery device shown in Figure 31A with the bottom pressed.
    Figure 32 is an isometric view of an embodiment of an anti-rotation feature of the fluid delivery system shown in Figure 24.
    Figure 33 is an isometric view of another embodiment of the delivery device.
    Figure 34 is an isometric view of the delivery device shown in Figure 33 with the housing removed.
    Figure 35 is an enlarged view from the top of the delivery device shown in Figure 33 showing the vaporization system.
    Figure 36 is a block diagram of a modality of the power control system.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The detailed description presented below in connection with the accompanying drawings is intended to be a description of presently preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to represent the only ways in which the present invention can be constructed or used. The description
    . presents the functions and sequence of steps for the construction and operation of the invention in connection with the illustrated modalities. It should be understood, however, that the same or equivalent functions and sequences can be carried out by different modalities that are also intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the invention.
    To improve the ability to measure an accurate dose of a drug in the form of vapor for inhalation from a vapor delivery device, the vapor delivery device requires or a power control system that can control the amount and duration of the heat applied to the liquid form of the drug, or a fluid delivery system that can precisely, consistently, 15 and repeatedly discharge an accurate volume of a drug. These two methods: (a) control the amount of heat applied to the liquid, and (b) control the volume of liquid to be vaporized, can be used alone or in combination to improve the accuracy of the "dose" of 20 medicine delivered by the vaporizer . As used in the claims, the term "medicine" means a medicine, remedy, medicine, pharmaceutical, drug, and the like used for healing, treatment, alteration, improvement, restoration, relief and / or healing a condition, disease, or mental state or particular physique, which includes the active ingredient or combination of active ingredients and inactive ingredients infused in one expedient or dissolved in another carrier.
    The amount and duration of the heat applied correlates with the amount of power supplied to the
    . steam delivery device. Therefore, in order to improve the functionality of current steam delivery devices, current devices must be implemented with a power control system that comprises a means of delivering an accurate amount of power from a power source to heat a heating element to a minimum necessary temperature that completely vaporizes a predetermined volume of a liquid. Based on the properties of a drug, in particular the carrier or carrier, the minimum temperature required to completely vaporize a predetermined volume can be calculated. By knowing the minimum temperature required to vaporize a predetermined volume of a drug, 15 energy resources can be conserved by not using more energy than necessary, which is one of the problems with current devices.
    The means for providing a precise amount of power from a power source to heat a heating element to a minimum temperature necessary to completely vaporize a predetermined volume of a liquid comprises a control circuit or integrated circuit 82 having a processor 500 which controls the power sent to a heating element 152 to ensure that only the required amount of power is supplied to vaporize the specific volume discharged. Since the amount of power delivered to the heating element 152 correlates with the resistance through the heating element 30, the processor 500 can be programmed to monitor the resistance of the heating element 152,. as a substitute for the amount of power delivered being supplied to heating element 152. Knowing the resistance, processor 500 can govern the amount of power to be supplied to heating element 152.
    Measuring the resistance in the heating element has several advantages. First, power can be precisely measured and maintained. Second, it measures the resulting voltage of the circuit, instead of measuring from the battery, which conserves battery life. Third, it ensures that vaporization remains constant, allowing metered doses regardless of the battery's life cycle and degradation of the heating element's life.
    In some embodiments, the means for delivering an accurate amount of power may also include a pulse converter which is a switched DC / DC converter, in conjunction with supercapacitors 368A, 368B. The impulse converter uses a load converter that works with an H bridge and inductor / capacitor system. Using the impulse converter, the charging current is limited to preserve the batteries and a much higher discharge current from the supercapacitor is allowed, but with a shorter duration. As an example only, this takes 25 seconds to load, but only 0.5 seconds to download. Thus, the battery can only see a charge of 100 - 20OmA, but the capacitor can see AI or terminals. Using this system, 364 alkaline batteries can be used, thus improving the safety of the device.
    30 A supercapacitor ("supercap") 368a, 368B is a
    . electrochemical capacitor with relatively high energy density. Their energy density is typically hundreds of times greater than conventional electrolytic capacitors. A 368a, 36813 supercapacitor can store 5 to two orders of magnitude the capacitance that a standard electrolytic capacitor can maintain.
    The described invention circuit charges a supercapacitor 368a, 368B from a set of alkaline batteries 364 using a DC / DC pulse converter. When loading a 368a, 368B supercapacitor, several parameters must be taken into account. For illustrative purposes, a 300 farad capacitor bank that must be charged to 6V DC, using a 6V power source (4 AA 1.5V batteries) capable of supplying 1.2A MAX current could be used. Note that a resistor can be used in this circuit to limit the current to a maximum amperage - for example, 1A, etc., as an additional control of the heating circuit.
    To define how the charging circuits of the invention work, the Ohm's Law equation is used - Resistor load value = 6V / 1A = 6 Ohms. This is determined using Ohm's law R = E / I, where R is the resistance in ohms, E is the energy in volts, and I is the current in amps.
    To determine what is needed to charge the capacitor bank, "power" is used, which is electrically described as "wattage". This power equation is described as: Resistor Power = 6V x 1A = 6W (Power = Voltage x Current) Thus, in order to charge a 6V capacitor bank
    W at 1A with a 6V power supply (4 AA / AAA batteries), a 6 Ohm resistor with a power rating of 6W or higher is required. On certain models, fewer batteries, such as one, two, or three, can be used to provide sufficient power.
    Using this approach, the invention solves the standard problem of battery life issues that current electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have. In addition, this approach provides the ability to maintain enough power to vaporize the liquid using standard chemical alkaline batteries, which current e-cigarette devices are unable to use.
    Figure 37 shows a block diagram of the process.
    There is a 600 power or energy source that provides 15 input power. This font can be one of several types, but in general it fits into two types. Type 1 may be a low power source not capable of the upper current to function directly. This type of power source requires additional conditioning to support the full function, therefore it requires a 602 power conversion stage and a 608 power storage stage.
    Type 2 can be a high current source that allows direct activation of the vaporization element.
    Control logic or state 604, which can be dedicated logic 25 or a processor, provides control, measurement and drive functions. One embodiment can use an MSP430 Texas Instrument processor, but this is any processor or similar ASIC device.
    GPIO and A / D functions can also be used to allow measurement of either current flow (direct drive) or voltage in power storage (supercapacitor). When all conditions are met, control logic 604 activates the discharge switch 610 to heat the spray element 612.
    5 The ability to accurately measure and dose the power that energizes the vaporization element 612 allows for accurate measurement of the vapor phase transition and dosing quantities. In the direct drive system, the current and the activation time are used to calculate and measure the energy that is used to heat the vaporization element 612. In the stored energy system the formula ¥ z CV2 is used to calculate the energy in the system and the desired final voltage to measure energy used to heat the vaporization element 612, where C is the capacitance and V is the voltage.
    An alternative to controlling the amount of power would be to control the amount of time that the heating element is energized as the power source begins to dissipate. Processor 500 can be configured to monitor resistance and adjust the time when the heating element remains on in order to completely vaporize a given volume of medicine.
    In some embodiments, a flow switch 614 can be used to signal the requested start of a vaporization phase. When implemented in a vaporization device, the device may have a fluid delivery system (discussed below). The fluid delivery system deposits a required amount of fluid in the vaporizing element 612 prior to activation of the flow switch 614.
    In some embodiments, a fluid discharge activator 616 can be used to "wake" processor 604 and load 606 supercapacitor 608 (in the stored energy system 5). In the direct drive system, the fluid discharge activator would be used to "wake" the 604 processor from an ultra low power suspend mode. The fluid discharge actuator 616 can be a mechanical device for activating the system, such as a rotary switch, a button, knob, lever, and the like.
    In some embodiments, diodes 618, 620 can be used to indicate the status of system operation to the operator. For example, a diode may be an LED 618 to signal when the vaporizing element 612 is being triggered. Another 620 LED can be used to flash specific patterns to indicate system status, for example, on, low battery, exhausted fluid status, or other system specific status states (ie maximum dosage per unit time, etc. .). In other embodiments, a screen, such as an LCD screen, can be used to show system status or other information, such as the type of substance or medication contained in the delivery device, the amount and / or doses remaining, the level battery, a user ID in case the device is lost, etc. A button or similar device can be used to trigger and scroll the screen.
    In a type 1 configuration (low current, alkaline batteries, etc.) the charging current can be limited to preserve battery life. In many batteries, if large amounts of current are consumed, this will significantly reduce battery life or charge status. Therefore, using the lowest current consumption of the batteries and the 608 power storage stage allows a high current event without unduly draining the batteries.
    In a Type 2 configuration, the 608 power storage can be used to extend battery life (lithium polymer, lithium ion) if desired. Power storage 608 also makes it easier to measure the precise amount of energy in vaporization element 612 very precisely with a simple voltage measurement. Precisely measuring precise amounts of energy in the vaporization element can be done with a voltage and current measurement, but it is more difficult to accurately measure the current than to measure the voltage. Thus, it may be advantageous to use a simpler tension-only process.
    An additional power saving feature that is shared with control logic 604 and power conversion 602, that is, the power state (switched on) of the system. This power-saving feature with the power status can be achieved through either an ultra low power conversion / cpu mode or a power off / lock function. This is used to extend the operating life of the device after first use.
    The energy required to vaporize a predetermined volume of liquid completely is a function of the amount of power and the length of time the power is present. Therefore, the power control system 306 may also comprise a means for controlling an accurate duration of time to provide the precise amount of power to completely vaporize the predetermined volume of liquid at the required temperature. The means for controlling the precise duration of time to supply the power may comprise a "one drive" control circuit 170, 172, or 174, which may be integrated with the circuit to control the amount of power described above. Examples of "one drive" circuits 170, 172, or 174 are shown in Figures 15-17 and described in more detail below. A "one drive" circuit can be used to limit the time span for delivering electric current regardless of how long the user holds the lever down. The 306 power control system is completely "turned off" between uses and therefore there is no drain on the battery during idle time. As a result, battery life is extended.
    In some embodiments, the integrated circuit can be configured to drive the power source a predetermined number of times. This number must be low enough so that each actuation results in the same amount of power each time. In some embodiments, the integrated circuit can be configured to monitor battery life and does not trigger power when a predetermined amount of battery life has been detected.
    This 306 power control system can be
    . implemented in existing steam delivery devices. For example, the 306 control system can be installed on cables from current steam delivery devices to be implemented with existing heating systems 5 to improve the energy efficiency and dose accuracy of current devices.
    In addition, or in addition to, controlling the amount and duration of power to significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of measuring accurate doses of vaporization devices, a means to consistently measure the precise volume of a liquid to be vaporized can be used as an alternative or additional layer of precision. Therefore, an efficient drug delivery device can comprise a power control system 34 using various modalities of the circuit described above to control the effective and efficient use of power, and / or a fluid delivery system 30, 302 or 402 as a means for consistently measuring an accurate volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir to precisely control the volume of the liquid discharged by spraying. Various combinations of such systems can be used to achieve the desired level of accuracy. A spray or vaporization system 32 may also be required to vaporize the medicament. In this application, spraying and vaporization are referred to indifferently to indicate that the state of the drug is a form that can be inhaled and absorbed by the lungs.
    The precise volume of liquid that can be completely vaporized at a given temperature and duration of exposure
    . can be calculated. Therefore, the precise volume required to be discharged from a fluid delivery system can be predetermined because the temperature of the wire and the duration that the wire is energized can be corrected.
    5 Alternatively, in some embodiments, the precise volume may vary depending on the temperature of the yarn and how long the yarn continues to be fed at that temperature.
    The modalities of the power control system described above offer an advantageous way to more precisely measure a specific dose of a drug.
    Controlling the volume of medication discharged also improves measurement accuracy. Examples of devices for controlling the volume of medications to a spray heating element are described below.
    15 These devices can be used alone or in combination with the power control system to further improve the accuracy of measured doses of medication.
    In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 20 2, a medication delivery device 20 has an elongated housing 22 with a nozzle 24 and a lever 28 adjacent to a rear or top end of the housing. A nozzle opening 26 extends into nozzle 24. Referring further to Figures 3-5, a modality of device 25 includes a liquid or fluid delivery system 30 as the means to consistently measure the precise volume of a liquid to control precisely the volume of liquid discharged by vaporization, and a vaporization system 32, as well as an electrical power control system 34. The power control system
    . electric 34 can include batteries 44 inside a battery compartment 42 of housing 22, and with the batteries electrically connected to a flexible circuit board 82 via a spring 46 and contacts 48. As shown in Figure 5, the housing can be provided with the left and right sides, in a shell shape. The lever 28 can be attached to the housing 22 in a joint 58.
    As shown in Figure 4, a means for consistently measuring the precise volume of a liquid from a fluid reservoir to precisely control the volume of the liquid discharged for vaporization is achieved by the liquid delivery system 30, in the example shown, which includes a resilient or flexible wall liquid chamber or reservoir 64 connected via a tube 66 to a lever valve 70. Reservoir 64 can be a flexible thin-walled pouch made of polyethylene film. Reservoir 64 is positioned between two rigid surfaces, with a plate 20 62 on one side and an interior wall of housing 22 on the other side. Springs 60 inside the housing 22 press on a plate 62, which in turn presses the reservoir
    64. This pressurizes the liquid in the reservoir.
    A tube 66 extends from the reservoir 64 to 25 a lever valve 70 which may include a valve post 74, a valve spring 72 and a valve washer 76.
    A valve section 80 of tube 66 in its design extends through an opening in valve post 74, as shown in Figure 6. Valve spring 72 installs valve washer 30 against valve section 80 of the tube by compressing it the closed one. . Referring to Figures 4-6, a mode of the vaporization system 32 includes a heater 150, which is electrically connected to the electrical power control system 5. The vaporization system 32 is also connected to, and receives the liquid from from there, the liquid delivery system 30. The heater 150 may be an electrical resistance heater formed by an open coil of wire 152, such as nickel-chromium wire. In this drawing, electrical current is supplied to wire coil 152 through connectors 156 on, or connected to, flexible circuit board 82, which in turn is connected to batteries 44. Figure 14 shows connectors 156 to provide power to the heating element.
    15 An outlet segment 154 of tube 66 extending out of lever valve 70 toward the rear end or nozzle of the device is inserted into the front end of a coil of wire 152. Referring momentarily to Figure 14, wire inserts solid 159 20 can be inserted at the ends of the wire bobbin 152 and the output segment 154 to provide interior support, so that they do not distort or collapse when pressed down to the connectors 156. The output segment 154 at the front end of the wire coil heater 152 25 delivers liquid into the bore hole with each actuation of the device 20.
    Tube 66 is connected to reservoir 64 with a liquid-tight connection so that liquid can only flow from the reservoir only through tube 66. Tube 66 can be a resilient, flexible material such that its inner lumen can, in general, be completely flattened when compressed, and then generally, fully recover to its original shape when released. A lever segment 67 of tube 66 is positioned below 5 of lever 28 and a rigid fixed surface inside the housing, which, optionally, may be part of circuit board 82 on which power management circuits are located. Location resources 112 can be provided on, over, or across circuit board 82 to ensure that desired positioning is maintained. Lever 28 is retained by lever hinge 116 and can rotate through a controlled range of motion.
    In use, the nozzle 24 is placed inside the mouth and the user presses or tightens the lever 28. The tube 66 is filled or prepared with liquid during manufacture.
    Referring to Figure 4, when lever 28 pivots downwardly around hinge 58, a compressor 86 presses lever segment 67 of tube 66 against an interior surface of housing 20, adjacent to hinge 58 and reservoir 64. This temporarily closes tube 66 on compressor 86. When lever 28 continues to rotate downward (or inward toward the center line of the device) a ramp surface 88 of lever 28 progressively tightens lever segment 67 of tube 66 between the compressor 86 and lever valve 70. This creates a squeegee type of movement that pumps liquid to lever valve 70 using a peristaltic action. When lever 28 continues to rotate inward, posts on the lever press valve washer 76 down against the force of valve spring 72. This temporarily opens lever valve 70 by allowing valve section 80 of tube 66 to open. With the valve section 80 of the tube open, and with liquid in the tube being pumped through the ramp surface 88, a bolus of liquid flows through the valve section 80 and the outlet segment 154 and into the wire coil 152.
    The constant positive pressure exerted on the reservoir 64 by the springs 60 pressurizes the liquid in the tube
    66. However, once tube 66 is tightly closed by compressor 86, no liquid flows out of the reservoir when the lever is pressed and the lever valve opens. Instead, the liquid already present in the tube 66 between the compressor 86 and the lever valve 70 provides the metered bolus that is uniformly delivered to the wire coil.
    The downward movement of lever 28 also closes a switch 158 connected to or located on circuit board 82.
    Electric current then flows from batteries 44, or another power source, to wire coil 152. The wire coil heats up, causing the liquid to evaporate. The current supplied to the wire coil, and the temperature of the wire coil when in operation, can be regulated by the circuit board, depending on the liquid used, the desired dose, and other factors. Switch 158 can be positioned to close only when lever 28 is fully depressed. This avoids inadvertently heating up the wire spool. It also delays the heating of the wire coil until the liquid bolus is moved to the wire coil through the articulation movement of the yoke to help extend the life of the battery. A "one drive" control circuit 170, for example, as shown in Figure 0 15, described below, can be used to limit the time span for delivering electric current regardless of how long the user holds lever 5 to low. The power is completely "turned off" between uses.
    There is no drain on the battery during idle time. As a result, battery life is extended.
    As is evident from this description, the liquid delivery system 30, using a linear peristaltic pumping action 10, delivers a fixed, consistent and repeatable bolus of liquid to the vaporization system 32 with each actuation of the device 20. The system liquid delivery system 30 still seals reservoir 64 between drives via compressor 86, keeps c) contents of reservoir 15 in a pressurized state, and controls the delivery of electrical power to the vaporization system 32. The liquid delivery system is designed so that as the liquid is used, air is not introduced into the system.
    The diameter and length of the wire coil 152 forms a cylindrical volume within the inner diameter of the coil which is sufficient to capture a single expressed dose of liquid from the liquid delivery system. The adjacent yarn loops of the yarn spool 152 can also be positioned so that liquid surface tension maintains the liquid within the bore bore. This allows the device 20 to be used in any orientation, since gravity is not necessary to keep the dose of liquid released in place.
    The use of an open coil provides the additional advantage that steam can be generated and escape at any
    24/4 "/. Place along the length of the coil, without inadvertently affecting vaporization of the liquid bolus balance in the coil. The wire coil also provides a large surface area for heat transfer and 5 min-minimizes loss of energy resulting from heating auxiliary components.
    After the application of electrical power, liquid in the coil vaporizes and passes through the spaces between the coils. The coil can be dimensioned and shaped and positioned in the housing so that the steam generated can be drawn in a stream of air drawn through the device 20 when the user inhales into the mouthpiece. "Inhale" here means to draw in steam at least in the mouth.
    Figures 7-13 show a second embodiment of device 100 which may be similar to device 20, but with the following differences. In device 100, the means for consistently measuring the precise volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir to precisely control the volume of liquid discharged by vaporization comprises a foam pad 106 which is compressed and inserted between a reservoir 64 and one of the rigid housing walls. Force exerted on the reservoir 64 by the foam trying to recover its relaxed state exerts a cornpressure force on the reservoir that keeps the liquid in the reservoir under pressure. The foam pad 106 can be used in place of the springs 60 shown in Figure 4. The reservoir can alternatively be pressurized using a syringe with a spring-loaded plunger. With any of these designs, the reservoir can optionally be supplied as a replaceable cartridge.
    As shown in Figure 8, in device 100, a lever valve 118 is provided (in place of compressor 86 in device 20) to compress the front end 5 of tube 66, preventing liquid from flowing out of the pressurized reservoir between the uses. The lever valve 118 may be a stamped sheet metal shape welded to a rigid circuit board 114 containing the same or similar circuit as described above for the power control system 34.
    Figures 10-13 show additional features that can be used for a means to consistently measure the precise volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir to precisely control the volume of liquid discharged by vaporization, specifically, the pumping action of the system. delivery of liquid to device 100. When a dose of steam is desired, the user positions the mouthpiece in the mouth and inhales while pressing a button 109 on lever 110, causing lever 20 to rotate downwards (counterclockwise). As lever 110 initially rotates as shown in Figure 10, a lever grip projection 132 tightens or compresses closed tube 66 at a compression point 140, closing the pressurized liquid reservoir. The continued rotation 25 of the lever 110 causes the lever 110 to flex at a flexion point 124 having a reduced thickness, as shown in Figure 11. This allows over-rotation of the lever while the tube 66 remains closed at the compression point 140, without crushing the tube.
    30 Additional rotation of lever 110 then compress the
    . lumen of pump segment 68 of tube 66. This borne liquid from pump segment 68 to the lever valve
    118. This movement also moves projections on the lever that pushes valve flanges 120 down, bypassing and 5 opening lever valve 118, and allowing a pressurized bolus of liquid to move through the tube and into the vaporization system 32. The lines dashes in Figure 12 show lever valve 118 deflected down and away from the bottom surface of circuit board 114 to open the valve. Finally, at the end of the lever stroke, a lever switch protrusion contacts a switch 158, connecting the power delivery system.
    When lever 110 is released, it rotates back to its original position. When the lever returns, lever valve 118 resets first, sealing the rear end of pump segment 68 from tube 66 and preventing it from being sucked back into the pump segment. As lever 110 continues to rotate clockwise, pump segment 68 decompresses, creating negative pressure within the tube lumen. Finally, at compression point 140, tube 66 reopens, allowing pressurized liquid from the reservoir to enter, refilling pump segment 68 with liquid to deliver the next dose 25.
    The volume of liquid expressed with each stroke can be controlled by selecting the desired diameter and length of pump segment tube 68. Maintaining a positive pressure in the liquid reservoir ensures that the system 30 always remains prepared with liquid, and that "drives
    . short "resulting from air bubbles in the tube do not occur. In addition, sealing the vaporizer system with a valve such as valve 70 or 118 which is only activated at the time of delivery, and positive pressure distribution 5 prevent accidental leakage of liquids regardless of the orientation of the device during storage or use, thus providing a means to consistently measure an accurate volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir to precisely control the volume of liquid 10 discharged for vaporization.
    Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a "one drive" circuit 170 for the power control system that provides a fixed time interval of electrical current to the heater 150 regardless of the time that the lever is pressed by the user. In Figure 15, CD4047 is a monostable / stable low power CMOS multivibrator available, for example, from Texas Instruments. Ul is a common CD4047 that operates from a 12V battery voltage with very low quiescent current drain. When 20 SWl button is pressed, Ul is actuated, Q (pin 10) goes high and Cl is quickly loaded close to the supply voltage via a FET inside Ul. At the same time, resistor RI is switched to a logic state " 0 "and immediately starts to discharge the capacitor Cl with the I / RC time constant 25.
    A wide range of pulse durations can be selected. Using a typical nickel-chromium wire coil, pulse durations ranging from approximately 0.2 to 2 seconds are sufficient to fully vaporize the 30 bolus of liquid. When the voltage at pin 3 reaches the threshold for logic "0" (- 1/3 of the supply voltage), the logic levels switch and Q (pin 10) returns to a low logic level. Q2 is an emitter follower that provides current amplification to allow Q1 to be fully saturated during the desired current pulse. Dl and R4 provide a visual indication of the heating current. R2 is a "push down" resistor for SW1, and C2 prevents noise induced from falsely triggering the circuit.
    Other IC choices can be employed, such as Toshiba TC7WH123, depending on the battery voltage, package size, and cost.
    The battery voltage gradually decreases over the life of the device. For many applications, the circuit described in Figure 15 provides the necessary control. However, more accurate measurement of the drug can be achieved by increasing the duration of the current pulse that the current decreases over the battery's discharge life. In circuit 172 shown in Figure 16, an additional OP amplifier IC serves as a voltage-controlled current source for the power control system. The input voltage is sampled from Pin 10 of Ul. A constant current is generated in Q3 and used to discharge the timing capacitor, Cl, at a constant rate. Once the voltage C1 reaches the logical threshold, CD 4047 travels and the output pulse width is complete. As the battery voltage decreases, the constant current generated in Q3 decreases, causing the discharge time Cl to increase. This increases the output pulse to maintain a relatively constant heater power per inhalation cycle as the battery voltage drops over the life of the device. The various current settings and detection resistance values can be adjusted to provide optimal performance. Other circuits can be used to provide the same function as voltage-to-frequency converters.
    Figure 17 shows another circuit 174 for the power control system in which a voltage regulator U2 is inserted between the output transistor Q1 and the heating filament. This keeps the filament voltage constant throughout the life of the battery. The regulated voltage can be chosen to optimize the operation of the heater near the end of life. A low drop regulator is desired to maximize service life before regulation is no longer maintained. A simple linear regulator is shown, but a high efficiency switching regulator can also be employed to improve efficiency. The pulse duration is maintained as described above or an equivalent "one drive" circuit and the heating current is kept constant by the voltage regulator.
    In another alternative design, the electrical power control system 34 can be configured to provide consistent power by timing the power to provide the minimum power required to vaporize the liquid. The power control system 34 can also be programmed to do this. For example, the electrical power control system 34 can be programmed to switch the source up to the voltage required to vaporize the liquid, in order to extend its life. Here, the power source may include a capacitor that accumulates, retains and provides a charge necessary to vaporize the liquid to be vaporized, again, in order to extend the life of the power source. In some embodiments, supercapacitors can be employed as discussed above to further improve the functionality of the power source.
    In an additional alternative design shown in Figure 18, the liquid to be sprayed is delivered in a small diameter of tube 180 through capillary action, as distinct from supplying the liquid through pressure into the heating coil, where it is stabilized to vaporization due to surface tension. Tube 180 may be glass, metal or polyaniline, for example, stainless steel. A heating element such as the nickel-chromium wire can be wrapped around the tube, wound into the tube or inserted into a V-shaped tube in order to heat the entire volume of liquid at the same time.
    Figures 19-22 show an alternative vaporization device 200 having a housing formed from a base 202 including a nozzle 206, and a cover 204 attached to base 202. Articulation arms 209 on a button 208 are pivotally attached to the posts hinge 226 on a bridge 224, as shown in Figure 21 to provide another means to consistently measure an accurate volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir 234 to precisely control the volume of the liquid discharged for vaporization. The radius 244 of the compressor 238 can flex when the tube 236 is compressed. The bridge 224 has pins to securely attach it to the base 202. The positive electrode of each battery 44 is kept in contact with the central contact 212 by a spring
    46. A positive conductor strip 214 connects the central contact to a printed circuit board 216.
    Referring to Figure 22, a wick 220 extends from printed circuit board 216 (containing the same or similar circuit as described above for power control system 34) from 5 to a vaporization coil 222 and, optionally, along of an elevated wall 240. The wick may be a strip or sheet of ceramic tape 220 that serves as a wick and a heat sink. The wick 220 is positioned between the heating element, such as the vaporization coil 222, and the outlet of the tube 236. The wick 200 can rest on top of the heating element, or be positioned adjacent to it, and the outlet of the tube can also be on top of the heating element and the wick 220 (when the device 200 is in the vertical position, with the button 208 on top).
    Brass posts 218 or similar contacts are connected to the printed circuit board 216 and to opposite ends of the coil 222. The knob 208 has a compressor arm 209 positioned to compress and close the flow in a tube 236 connecting a liquid reservoir to a outlet location at, adjacent to or overlapping wick 220. Tube 236 can be held in place by being molded into tube clips 240 on bridge 224.
    Arms 233 in a normally closed compression valve 232 extends through openings in bridge 224. A valve spring 230 around a post 228 holds valve 232 to the normally closed position. A bottom surface of valve 232 can act as a switch with the printed circuit board 216, or actuate a separate switch on the printed circuit board 216, to turn on the electrical current to coil 222 when button 208 is pressed.
    In use, the spray device 200 operates on the same principles as described above, with the following additions. A groove 210 can be provided in the housing to accommodate an insulation flap. The insulation flap is installed during manufacture and prevents electrical contact between the central contact 212 and the batteries.
    As a result, the device cannot be inadvertently switched on during transport and storage. Battery life is therefore better preserved. Before using the spray device 200 for the first time, the user pulls the tab out of the groove 210. As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the nozzle is round. The dimension LL in Figure 20 between the coil 222 and the nozzle tip can be minimized to 15, 10 or 5 mm. The liquid reservoir can have a volume greater than 0.8 or 1.0 mm to allow foam compression to pressurize the pump. In device 200, the liquid supplied from the reservoir through tube 236 is not delivered to the coil
    222. On the contrary, the liquid is supplied to the wick
    220. The heating coil 222 touches the wick 220 and heats the wick, which then vaporizes substantially all of the liquid on or within the wick.
    In each of the vaporisation devices described above, the open coil heater 152 or 222, for example, nickel-chromium wire can be incorporated into a porous ceramic material, so that the vapor produced when the fluid is sprayed has to pass through the ceramic material to be ingested or inhaled. The ceramic material can be manufactured with techniques that control the size of the pores through which the steam will pass. This can help to regulate the size of the vapor molecules or drops produced for inhalation. By controlling the amount of electrical power and power duration for the coil heater, the heater continues to vaporize the fluid in the heater until the steam droplets or particles are small enough to pass through the ceramic material, effectively using all of the fluid delivered to the coil and controlling the dose in addition to regulating the size of the molecules. By regulating the size of the vapor molecule produced, vaporization devices can be used more accurately and with fluids and medications that require carefully controlled particle size. In some cases, smaller molecules can be advantageous because they can be inhaled more deeply into the lungs, better providing a more effective delivery mechanism.
    The wire coil heater can alternatively be surrounded by a heat-resistant fabric-like material, such as Kevlar®, so that steam must pass through the fabric to be ingested. The fabric can be manufactured with a desired mesh opening size to adjust the size of the vapor particles and / or molecules delivered by the vaporizer. By controlling the amount of electrical power and the duration of power to the heater, the heater continues to vaporize the fluid supplied to the heater until the steam particles are small enough to pass through the fabric mesh. Containing the fluid inside the fabric with the heater until the particles are small enough to pass through the fabric can help to effectively spray and deliver all the fluid supplied to the heater, with little or no waste, rather than controlling the dose.
    Although switch 158 is described above as a mechanical contact switch, other types of switches can optionally be used, including switches that optically or electrically detect the movement of an element's position, or a switch that detects the presence of liquid in the heater 150. In addition, although lever and compression valves are presented as compression-type valves, other forms of valves can be used mechanically or electrically. Likewise, the peristaltic pumping action created by the rotation of the lever can optionally be replaced by alternative forms of bornbinding or fluid movement. Various types of equivalent heating elements can also be used in place of the described wire spools. For example, solid-state heating elements can be used. The heating element can also be replaced by alternative vaporizing elements, such as electro-hydrodynamic or piezodevices that can convert liquid into an unheated vapor.
    In another embodiment, a delivery device 300 uses a plunger-style liquid delivery system 302 as another means to consistently measure an accurate volume of a liquid from a fluid reservoir to precisely control the volume of the liquid discharged for vaporization. As shown in Figure 23, delivery device 300 includes a new liquid delivery system 302, but uses the same or similar vaporization or spray system 32 and power control system 34 described above, all contained in a housing 308 , preferably cylindrical to imitate a cigarette or cigar.
    The fluid delivery system 302 has a fluid reservoir 310 for containing the medication and a pressure generator, such as a piston 312 which is indexed forward inside the fluid reservoir 310 in a consistent, fixed and repeatable amount each time that fluid discharge actuator, such as a button 314, is pressed or actuated. Preferably, the fluid reservoir 310 is cylindrical in shape, and more preferably in the shape of a syringe. The delivery device 300 is completely sealed between applications in such a way that the drug cannot evaporate during storage or between actuation cycles.
    The fluid reservoir 310 has a proximal end 316 and a distal end 318. The proximal end 316 is configured to accept piston 312 which forms a hydraulic seal against the wall of reservoir 310, so that the medication cannot leak beyond the piston 312. Piston 312 may have a hollow core
    313. A plunger 320 is provided for coupling with piston 312 to drive piston 312 forward in a controlled and step-like manner. The plunger 320 comprises an axis 322 having a head 324 at one end. In a preferred embodiment, head 324 has flanges. The head 324 is configured to engage with coupling geometry inside the piston 312, fixing the piston 312 to the 5 piston 320. The piston shaft 322 is configured with a male screw thread 326, preferably along its entire length .
    A drive nut 328 is arranged at the proximal end 316 of reservoir 310. Various features of housing 308 and reservoir 310 restrict the position of drive nut 328 in such a way that it is free to rotate simultaneously with axis A of plunger 320, but prevent translation in any other direction. The drive nut 328 has a female screw thread 330 coupling to the plunger 320 and is screwed into the plunger 320.
    The drive nut 328 is further configured with ratchet teeth 332, which interact with a tongue 334 on a button 314 described later in such a way that during operation, the drive nut 328 will rotate in a single direction.
    A cap 336 is disposed at the distal end 318 of reservoir 310. Cap 336 may be an elastomer component with an outlet 338 comprising an autocollapse slot / hole. Preferably, the lid 336 is made of silicone. Outlet 338 is sensitive to the pressure of the medicament inside reservoir 310 such that when the medicament is at a higher pressure than the external ambient pressure of reservoir 310, outlet 338 will open 338A, allowing medication to escape from reservoir 310. Once enough medicine
    . escaped from reservoir 310 to balance with ambient pressure, outlet 338 will automatically collapse, sealing the rest of the contents of reservoir 310 from the environment, thus preventing loss of medicine by evaporation. Thus, the measured dose is determined by proper calibration of the pressure required to properly form and maintain a droplet of the drug at outlet 338 until vaporization is initiated. The sealing nature is such that external pressure changes to the device will not make the reservoir "unsealed", the external pressure changes would not be sufficiently focused or strong enough to "unseal" And, the natural elasticity of the reservoir would make the "resell" seal regardless of changes in external pressure.
    Based on the surface tension of the liquid medicine, the volume of the medicine discharged from outlet 338 should be small enough so that it forms a droplet at outlet 338 that adheres to outlet 338 without dropping or dripping from cap 336. A The distance between the outlet 338 for the coiled wire 152 must also be small enough that a droplet of liquid formed at the outlet bridges the space between the outlet 338 and the coiled wire 152, thus allowing the droplet to transfer to the coiled wire 152 or the wick 360 within the coiled wire 152. This configuration allows the steam delivery device 300 to be used in any orientation, thereby improving versatility over current devices.
    As shown in Figure 30, button 314 works to provide controlled rotation indexing of drive nut 328. Button 314 includes a control surface 340 protruding through the upper housing for the user to press button 314. In its neutral position
    5 (initial), the button 314 is normally slightly protruding from the housing 308. The button 314 is restricted such that it can move in a normal direction to the control surface 340 when it is pressed.
    The button 314 is configured with two spring elements 341a, 341b that press the button back to its neutral position in the absence of pressure on the control surface 340. The spring elements 341A, 341B are designed to deform under pressure on the surface of charge and return to its original shape after releasing this pressure.
    The range of movement of the button travel is limited by a stop 342 having an upper surface 343a and a lower surface 343b.
    The stop surfaces 343a,
    343b engage opposing surfaces in upper and lower housings at button travel limits, creating a fixed travel range for button 314 when pressed / released.
    The button 314 is further configured with a tongue 334 to engage the ratchet teeth 332 on the drive nut 328. When the button 314 is pressed,
    the tongue 334 engages the ratchet teeth 332, causing the drive nut 328 to turn.
    Upon release, an inclined surface 344 of a tongue 334 and an opposite surface 346 of the ratchet 332 oppose each other,
    deflecting tongue 334 in a web allowing the tongue
    334 mount on the adjacent ratchet tooth and button 314 to return to its neutral position.
    In this way, the ratchet 332 allows the drive nut 328 to rotate in a single direction.
    In some embodiments, the button 314 can function to start the power supply to the synchronous heating system 304 for the delivery of a medicine bolus to the vaporization system 32. As shown in Figures 31A and 31B a contact pin 348 is provided covering button spring elements 341a, 341b. Deflection of spring elements 341a, 341b during actuation of button 314 lowers contact pin 348 in relation to contacts 350A, 350B, closing the circuit between contacts 350A, 350B, as shown in Figure 31B. This closure serves to start a power cycle for the vaporization system 32, as described later. In some embodiments, the contacts 350a, 350b can be directly under the spring elements 341a, 341b. The bottom of the spring elements 341a, 341b can have independent contact pins 348 to connect with contacts 350A, 350B to close the circuit. In some embodiments, a single contact pin 348 and a single contact 350a can be used.
    Thread pitch 326 is selected taking into account hole 352 of reservoir 310, and controlled angular indexing of drive nut 328 to move the desired bolus of medication from reservoir 310 with each indexing of the drive nut
    328. All rotation movements of the drive nut 328 are converted into linear motion in the plunger 320 to provide a consistent, fixed and repeatable dose of the medication. To ensure that the plunger 320 does not rotate with the
    . rotary drive nut 328, the plunger 320 is further provided with a groove 354 leading down its entire length, said groove 354 accepting anti-rotation spike 356 protruding from the lower portion of the housing 308, as shown in Figure 32.
    The spray or vaporization system 32, similar to that described above, comprises a tightly wound wire heater element 152 positioned adjacent the fluid delivery system outlet 338. In the preferred embodiment, the wound wire 152 is a wire nickel-chromium. In some embodiments, the coil of nickel-chromium wire 152 can be wound around a high temperature fiber capillarity element 360 to distribute the dose of medicine received through coil 152.
    The power control system 34 comprises a circuit board 362 (which contains the same or similar circuit as described above) and an associated battery 364 that provides a fixed and precise amount of power for the 20 nickel-chrome 152 wires with each actuation , the amount of power delivered being that needed to spray or vaporize the precise bolus volume delivered of medication. For optimal system efficiency, it is desirable to maximize the energy density of the heater.
    Thus, the heater coils are preferably spaced as close together as possible. In addition, it is desirable to distribute the dose of medication that must be sprayed as evenly as possible among the heating elements. For this purpose, the heating coils 30 152 are wound around a wick 360 comprising a high temperature tolerant material, said material forcing the medicine to distribute evenly throughout the 360 wick. Coil 152 is connected to the power control system 34 by means of clamping connectors 366. In the preferred embodiment, circuit board 362 comprises a drive circuit (similar or equal to the circuit described above) that provides a fixed and precise amount of power to the nickel-chrome heater 152 with each actuation, the amount of power to be delivered being that needed to spray the bolus delivered of medication.
    In some embodiments, to still provide a means for delivering a precise amount of power to the vaporization system 32, the power control system may comprise one or more supercapacitors 368A, 36813 connected to the power source and the circuit. Using supercapacitors 368a, 368B prevents the vaporization system 32 from receiving different amounts of power when batteries 364 are nearing the end. In particular, supercapacitors 368a, 368B prevent the power for the vaporization system 32 to decrease when the batteries die. Without the circuits precisely controlling power, reduced battery power could lead to a lower temperature wire 152 for a given activation.
    In this case, if the volume of the medication remains the same, then there may be incomplete vaporization of the medication.
    Figures 33-35 show another embodiment of a delivery device 400. Figure 34 shows the delivery device 400 with housing 408 removed. The delivery device 400 comprises the same or similar vaporization system 32 and power control system. 34, as described above with another embodiment of a fluid delivery system 402 as a means to consistently measure the precise volume of a liquid from a fluid reservoir. The housing 408 of the delivery device 400 also differs from that of the delivery device 300. The housing 408 has a generally elongated box configuration. The housing 408 can take other shapes as well, such as a cylinder or any shape or size desired for a particular application. Housing 408 has a top end 410 and a bottom end 412 opposite the top end 410. The top end 410 comprises a cover 414.
    15 Protruding from the top end 410 is an inhaler tube 416. Inhaler tube 416 is operably connected to the fluid delivery system 402. Medicines from the fluid delivery system 402 are vaporized by the vaporization system 32 and steam flows through the inhaler tube 416 and into the user's mouth. Cover 414 is used to protect the inhaler tube 416 when not in use. Figure 33 shows a sliding cover, however, the cover 414 can be a flip top, detachable, sliding top, and the like. When the cover 414 is pushed back, away, outside or otherwise removed from the top end, the inhaler tube 416 is released and rotates upward. The user can then start the inhalation process via the inhaler, which initiates the heating process by activating a flow sensor.
    At the bottom end 412 of housing 408 there is a handle 418 for delivering an accurate volume of medication from the fluid delivery system 402 5 to the vaporization system 32. Like the button 314 of the device 300, the handle 418 on the bottom 412 device 400 is used to advance a plunger (not shown) through a syringe (not shown) repeatedly in a step-like manner to deliver an accurate, fixed, and consistent volume of a drug from the syringe and deposit it on the coiled wire 152 of the vaporization system 32. Each rotation of the handle 418 advances a precisely measured amount of drug with a consistently repeatable volume.
    As in previous versions, device 400 uses a circuit board 420 (which contains the same or similar circuit as described above for power control system 34) associated with the processor (not shown), supercapacitors 368a, 368B, and others electronic components used to deliver a constant, accurate and sufficient amount of power to the heating system to vaporize or spray a predetermined volume of a liquid. Circuit board 420 is located at the top end 410 adjacent to fluid delivery system 402 and vaporization system 32. A through hole 430 is provided to allow inhaler tube 416 to be transmitted through circuit board 420 allowing the fluid reservoir 422 will be attached to this inhaler tube 416 and present the inhaler tube 416 to the user.
    Below the circuit board 420, the fluid delivery system 402 is mounted. This assembly provides a safe tamper-evident chamber to retain fluid. The fluid delivery system 402 is then connected to a gear reduction set 5 424 that allows the linear syringe actuator to be advanced through reservoir 422 in a consistent amount for each rotation of the handle 418.
    The vaporization system 32 is placed in the fluid path that is delivered through the fluid delivery system 402 each time the handle 418 is turned. The vaporization 32 comprises a heating coil 152. In some embodiments, the heating coil 152 can be wound around a wick 360, which helps to retain the liquid after it has been discharged from the fluid delivery system 402 After the fluid is advanced, the fluid wets the wick 428 which is placed inside the heating coil assembly 152. Once this wick 360 is wet, the coil 152 can be heated once the user begins to inhale ( suck) in the inhaler tube
    416. To activate the heating mechanism, a flow sensor (not shown) is placed in the inhalation path, which is the path between the inhaler tube 416 inlet and the inhaler 416 outlet 417.
    As the flow is detected when the user begins to inhale / suck the inhaler tube 416, coil heating is initiated by applying tension to the coil
    152. The power applied to the coil wire 152 is provided through the supercapacitor assembly 368a, 368B, which is charged through the device batteries 364.
    To further improve the effectiveness and delivery of the medication delivered by the present invention, the drug's plume chemistry delivered to the lungs must be analyzed. Depending on the size of the steam product released by the steam delivery device, the drug can have effects in several places, thus dictating the effectiveness and speed with which the drug can work in a user. For example, larger steam products are more likely to get trapped inside the mouth, which would result in the drug traveling through the digestive tract. Some steam products can be inhaled into the lungs, but they can become trapped in the upper lungs. Even thin steam products can reach the bottom of the lungs where absorption of the drug is most effective and fastest.
    Again, to control the size of the steam product, a permeable membrane of ceramic, fabric, or the like, can be placed between the heating system and the nozzle. The heating element allows the medicine to vaporize, however, before exiting through the nozzle, the steam product is filtered through the permeable membrane to regulate the size of the steam product supplied to the user. The membrane must be made of a material that is heat resistant, such as ceramic or a Kevlar® material.
    Due to the consistent, reliable and accurate dosage control offered by the present invention, its application goes far beyond just as a substitute for tobacco products. The device can be used to provide dietary supplements, sleep aids, weight loss products, pain relievers, and many other prescription or over-the-counter pharmaceuticals in which they are. needed in an accurate dosage. The present invention can also be implemented in a non-pharmaceutical context, such as for the distribution of liquid candy for consumption, breath fresheners, room fresheners, or any other application where vaporization of a liquid is required in consistent and reliable doses and accurate.
    Although the system and device have been described 10 in terms of what is presently considered to be the most practical and effective modalities, it should be understood that disclosure need not be limited to the described modalities. It is intended that all permutations, improvements, equivalents, combinations and improvements, even if they are evident to those skilled in the art after reading the specification and a study of the drawings, are included within the true spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the description should therefore be given the broadest interpretation to cover all of these modifications and similar structures.
    It is intended, therefore, that the application includes all such modifications, permutations and equivalents that fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
    Thus, several modalities and methods have been shown and described. Various modifications and substitutions can, of course, be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The invention, therefore, should not be limited except for the following claims and their equivalents.
    INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied industrially to the development, manufacture and use of a drug delivery system that can consistently, reliably and repeatedly deliver an accurate dose of a drug to a user in an efficient vapor form. in terms of energy. The delivery system comprises a power control system, a vaporization system, and a fluid delivery system. The power control system uses a circuit that allows the system to supply enough power to spray or vaporize a known volume of a drug. To avoid changes in the current due to the power drain, the control system uses supercapacitors connected to the circuit. The power source and / or resistance in the heating element can be controlled so that the system knows the amount of power that must be supplied to efficiently vaporize the known volume of medication.
    The fluid delivery system uses a reservoir and distribution mechanism that distributes the same volume of medication with each actuation. The heating system uses a nickel-chrome wire.
    权利要求:
    Claims (35)
    [1]
    1. Control system for a portable steam delivery device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a circuit configured to supply a precise amount of power from a power source to heat a heating element to a minimum necessary temperature to completely vaporize a predetermined volume of a liquid, and to control an accurate duration of time to provide the precise amount of power to completely vaporize the predetermined volume of liquid at the temperature necessary to deliver a reliable and consistent dose.
    [2]
    2. Control system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the circuit comprises a drive circuit.
    [3]
    3. Portable vaporization device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the circuit further comprises a processor programmed to monitor a resistance of the heating element and adjust the amount of power to a level sufficient to heat the heating element to the desired temperature.
    [4]
    4. Control system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the circuit comprises a DC / DC impulse converter and a supercapacitor operatively connected to the power source to adjust the amount of power to a level sufficient to heat the heating element to the desired temperature.
    [5]
    5. Portable vaporization device, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the circuit is configured to activate the power source a predetermined number of times.
    [6]
    6. Portable medicine delivery device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: 5 a. a housing having a first end and a second end; B. a nozzle attached to the first end; ç. a fluid delivery system; d. a vaporization system, comprising a heating element between the nozzle and the fluid reservoir, e.g. a power control system, comprising a circuit configured to deliver an accurate amount of power from a power source to heat the heating element to a temperature necessary to completely vaporize the precise volume of the liquid, and to control the precise duration of time to provide the precise amount of power to completely vaporize the precise volume of the liquid at the desired temperature.
    [7]
    7. Portable medicine delivery device, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the control system comprises a drive circuit.
    25
    [8]
    8. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the circuit comprises a processor that is programmed to monitor a resistance of the heating element and adjust the power of the heating element until reaching the temperature desired.
    B
    [9]
    9. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the control system comprises a DC / DC impulse converter operatively connected to a supercapacitor.
    [10]
    10. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the circuit comprises a processor programmed to drive the power source a predetermined number of times.
    [11]
    11. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the power source is an alkaline battery.
    [12]
    12. Portable medication delivery device according to claim 6, characterized in that the fluid delivery system comprises: a. a fluid reservoir inside the housing, the fluid reservoir having a first end and a second end, and b. a pressure generator positioned inside the fluid reservoir at the second end and configured to progress towards the first end incrementally over a fixed and discrete distance to consistently measure an accurate volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir.
    [13]
    13. Portable medication delivery device according to claim 12, characterized in that the fluid delivery system further comprises a cap in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir at the first end, the cap having an opposite outlet to the fluid reservoir, where the liquid stored inside the fluid reservoir can escape through the outlet when positive pressure is applied to the fluid reservoir to form a droplet at the outlet.
    [14]
    14. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 13, characterized in that the outlet and the heating element are separated by a distance less than the droplet, such that the droplet can contact the heating while still at the exit.
    [15]
    15. Portable medication delivery device according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the pressure generator comprises: a. a piston located inside the fluid reservoir configured to push the liquid out through the cap, and b. a fluid discharge actuator operatively connected to the piston, in which the actuation of the fluid discharge actuator makes the piston advance the fixed and discrete distance towards the first end.
    [16]
    16. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises a permeable membrane positioned between the nozzle and the heating element, in which the permeable membrane is permeable to vapor molecules of a size predetermined.
    [17]
    17. Portable medicine delivery device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a. a housing having a first end and a second end; B. a nozzle attached to the first end; ç. a fluid delivery system, comprising: i. a fluid reservoir within the housing, the fluid reservoir having a first end and a second end, and ii. a pressure generator positioned inside the fluid reservoir at the second end and configured to advance towards the first end at a fixed and discrete distance to consistently measure an accurate volume of a liquid from the fluid reservoir; d. a vaporization system, comprising a heating element between the nozzle and the fluid reservoir, e.g. a control system to deliver power to the vaporization system.
    [18]
    18. Portable medication delivery device according to claim 17, characterized in that the fluid delivery system further comprises a cap in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir at the first end, the cap having an opposite outlet to the fluid reservoir, where the liquid stored inside the fluid reservoir can escape through the outlet when positive pressure is applied to the fluid reservoir to form a droplet at the outlet.
    [19]
    19. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that the outlet and the heating element are separated by a shorter distance than the droplet, such that the droplet can contact the heating while still at the exit at the opening.
    [20]
    20. Portable medicine delivery device according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that the pressure generator comprises: a. a piston located inside the fluid reservoir configured to push the liquid out through the cap, and b. a fluid discharge actuator operatively connected to the piston, in which the actuation of the fluid discharge actuator causes the piston to advance the fixed and discrete distance in relation to the first end.
    [21]
    21. Portable medication delivery device according to claim 17, characterized in that it further comprises a permeable membrane positioned between the nozzle and the heating element, in which the permeable membrane is permeable to vapor molecules of a size predetermined.
    [22]
    22. Method of efficiently and consistently vaporizing a precise amount of a liquid medication from a portable device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a. consistently measure an accurate volume of a liquid for a heating element, and b. providing an accurate amount of power from a power source to heat the heating element over a precise period of time so that the combination of the precise amount of power and the precise duration of time heats the heating element to a minimum temperature necessary for the minimum time required to completely vaporize the precise volume of the liquid.
    [23]
    23. Method according to claim 22, 5 characterized by the fact that an accurate measurement of the volume of liquid comprises: a. store the liquid in a fluid reservoir, and b. apply an accurate amount of positive pressure inside the fluid reservoir to discharge the precise volume of fluid from the fluid reservoir.
    [24]
    24. Method according to claim 23, characterized in that the precise amount of positive pressure is applied by advancing a plunger incrementally by a predetermined distance within the fluid reservoir.
    [25]
    25. Method according to claim 24, characterized by the fact that advancing the piston the predetermined distance is achieved by turning a drive nut a fixed rotation movement.
    [26]
    26. Method, according to claim 25, characterized by the fact that rotating the rotation of the nut is achieved by operating a rotating button rotates the actuating nut the fixed rotation movement each time the button is operated.
    [27]
    27. Method, according to claim 22, characterized by the fact that providing the precise amount of power is achieved by programming a processor to allow the power supply to operate a predetermined number of times.
    [28]
    28. Method according to claim 22, characterized by the fact that providing the precise amount of power, comprises: a. monitor a temperature of the heating element while power is being supplied; B. comparing the temperature of the heating element to a predetermined temperature, and c. adjust the precise duration of time the precise amount of power is provided from the comparison.
    [29]
    29. Method according to claim 22, characterized by the fact that providing the precise amount of power, comprises: a. monitor a temperature of the heating element while power is being supplied; B. comparing the temperature of the heating element to a predetermined temperature, and c. adjust the amount of power delivered based on the comparison.
    [30]
    30. Method according to claim 29, characterized by the fact that monitoring the temperature of the heating element is achieved by measuring the resistance of the heating element.
    [31]
    31. Method, according to claim 29, characterized by the fact that it also comprises a supercapacitor operatively connected to the power source and the processor to adjust the amount of power supplied.
    [32]
    32. Method according to claim 31, characterized by the fact that the power source is an alkaline battery.
    V
    [33]
    33. Method according to claim 22, characterized by the fact that supplying the power is activated by creating an air flow in a nozzle of the portable device.
    [34]
    34. Method according to claim 33, characterized in that it further comprises controlling a size of a vapor molecule of the vaporized liquid by positioning a permeable membrane between the heating element and the nozzle, wherein the permeable membrane is permeable only to vapor molecules of a predetermined size.
    [35]
    35. Control system for a portable steam delivery device, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a. a means for providing an accurate amount of power from a power source to heat a heating element to the minimum temperature necessary to completely vaporize a predetermined volume of a liquid, and b. a means for controlling an accurate duration of time to provide the precise amount of power to completely vaporize the predetermined volume of liquid at the required temperature.
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    法律状态:
    2021-01-19| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-02| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-02| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: XTEN CAPITAL GROUP, INC. (US) |
    2021-05-18| B11B| Dismissal acc. art. 36, par 1 of ipl - no reply within 90 days to fullfil the necessary requirements|
    2021-12-14| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|
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    US201161478460P| true| 2011-04-22|2011-04-22|
    US61/478,460|2011-04-22|
    PCT/IB2012/052044|WO2012120487A2|2011-03-09|2012-04-23|Medicant delivery system|
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